Essay - Project

Poverty
What is poverty?
Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter. Poverty is being sick and not being able to see a doctor. Poverty is not having access to school and not knowing how to read. Poverty is not having a job, is fear for the future, living one day at a time. Poverty is losing a child to illness brought about by unclean water. To summarize that. Poverty is a condition of not having the requirements to afford basic human needs. http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTPOVERTY/0,,contentMDK:20153855~menuPK:373757~pagePK:148956~piPK:216618~theSitePK:336992,00.html
Poverty is a very big topic and in this essay I will mostly write about poverty in Somalia.
Poverty in Somalia has existed since 1960, the year it become independent. When the British and Italian colonists left the country, the country's government was left with nothing. Since then the country's government is working greatly so that they can get back their position. Many economists and scientists announced the Somalia poverty as a never ending situation. Even then the government of the country was working and the African government as well as the other international organizations like UN, WHO, UNESCO and other such groups helping the Somalia government to get back the to their original position.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalia


The reasons behind the Somalia’s poverty are: food crisis and droughts, the bad climatic condition, illiteracy, lack of proper planning in the government sectors and political problems.

Solution:
The Somalia government is doing well these days as there is a decrease in their political problems and all other issues are kept under control by the country's government. The conditions of rural areas are now taken into concern by the international social service groups as these are among the reasons behind Somalia's poverty. The governments of Africa have proposed many policies for the people of rural areas and providing them better living condition.
The best solution for Somalia’s problem is to have a better government because the any country must depend on its government. The problem is the civil war and having many political parties. That’s why it should be better if they could have a better government and stop their civil war that has been going from 1991 until now. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somali_Civil_War


The other solution of helping the poor people by giving them food and shelter is good but it is not very practical because the people like that will always need help and they will never depend on themselves;that’s why I think it is better to provide them with food and shelter and also opening schools for children to learn and factories so that adults can work and earn their living and by that way Somali people can depend on themselves and have a good living.
Conclusion:
To conclude I must say that living standards have risen dramatically over the last decades. The percentage of the world's population living in extreme economic poverty is defined as living on less than $1.25 per day. Many people in Somalia and elsewhere around the world are living in extreme poverty and living that way is very hard.
Finally the problem in the government of Somalia is the main reason for the problem and it also could be the main solution.
Word count: 524
References:
http://library.thinkquest.org/05aug/00282/over_whatis.htm#top
http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTPOVERTY/0,,contentMDK:20153855~menuPK:373757~pagePK:148956~piPK:216618~theSitePK:336992,00.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalia
Bibliography:
http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTPOVERTY/0,,contentMDK:20153855~menuPK:373757~pagePK:148956~piPK:216618~theSitePK:336992,00.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somali_Civil_War
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalia

program related research report

Drilling

Drilling Rigs:

Until early this century, oil and gas wells were drilled with cable-tool rigs. These drilled holes by moving a heavy, chisel-shaped bit suspended on a steel line up and down. The problem with this design is that there was nothing to stop oil and gas blowing out of the surface whenever a reservoir was penetrated and before there was only onshore drilling.

http://www.scribd.com/doc/14624141/offshore-drilling-units-by-majid-hamedynia

Firstly, to understand the drilling rigs I must talk about the rotary drilling system. The system consists of drillbits. Drillbits work in a very hot and dirty environment. They are therefore subjected to large mechanical stresses. Replacing a broken drillbit is expensive, so they are designed to be long-lasting.The two main drillbits are the Tricone Roller Bits and the Polycrystalline Diamond Cutter Bits.
Tricone Roller Bits are the most commonly used bits. They are made of three roller-cones that rotate. This rotation causes the cones to work like teeth digging into the rock.

http://www.madabout-kitcars.com/kitcar/kb.php?aid=406

Polycrystalline Diamond Cutter Bits are a relatively new design. They drill using a shearing action, which is more effective on softer formations of rocks.

Secondly, the drillstrings. Drillstrings are a tube of steel pipe going from the surface to the bit.

http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5282513.html

Thirdly, the hoisting system; the heaviest work on a drilling rig is on the hoisting system, since it is what controls the drillstring's position. It moves it up and down, in and out of the hole.
Nowadays, the drilling rigs are more efficient and drilling rigs are also offshore too. For example: directional drilling was developed when the industry moved offshore. This is because onshore rigs can easily be moved to a new location, while it is more difficult and costly to move rigs in deeper waters.

Another example is the semi-submersible rigs are not bottom-supported, and are therefore called floaters. Which are used to drill in deeper waters and because they are very large they are very stable in the sea.

The final example is the drillship. Drillships because there are shaped like a ship, they can move from one location are so-calledanother quickly, but they are not stable in in the sea.

In the future there could be many methods to improve the drillbits. One of these methods is to produce a Laser drillbits. Basically, lasers convert different forms of energy such as chemical, electrical, heat etc., into energy of light. One of the main advantages of usinig a Laser drillbits that it has the potential to penetrate rock many times faster than the drillbits used nowadays. To describe this operation is to use high-power lasers to drill for gas and oil. Nowadays a group of collaborators are examining the possibility of adapting high-power laser technology to drilling for gas and oil. The first phase is designed to establish a scientific basis for developing a commercial laser drilling system and determine the level of gas industry interest in pursuing future research. If drilling with lasers eventually proves workable, it could be the most radical change in drilling technology in the last century.

Word count: 502

Bibliography:
http://www.scribd.com/doc/14624141/offshore-drilling-units-by-majid-hamedynia
http://www.madabout-kitcars.com/kitcar/kb.php?aid=406
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/5282513.html


Referances: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/section?content=a713647230&fulltext=713240928
http://bedrockenergydevelopment.wordpress.com/2010/01/26/laser-oil-well-drilling-bedrock-energy-development-looks-into-the-future-of-petroleum-search-and-acquisition/
http://www.ne.anl.gov/facilities/lal/laser_drilling.html

research skills 3

Two Supercars
Introductory:
The research is about two supercars. The two cars are the Bugatti Veyron and the Porsche 911 Turbo. The two cars have a different history. First of all the Bugatti is a classic car;it was founded in France by an Italian man named Ettore Bugatti in 1909.

http://articles.directorym.com/Bugatti_Sedan_Norfolk_NE-r1126135-Norfolk_NE.html

On the other hand the Porsche "official date of birth" for the first Porsche is June 8, 1948.
Similarities:
The similarities between the two cars are: both of them are sport cars and they both have a long history and they are very popular, they both are made in Germany, they both are very expensive, they both are 2 seated car and they both have high performance.
Differences:
The differences between the Bugatti Veyron and the Porsche 911 Turbo are too many. The first difference is the price. The price of the Bugatti Veyron is $2,000,000 and price of the Porsche 911 Turbo is $143,800.Secondly the top speed of the Bugatti Veyron is 407 km/h and the top speed of the Porsche 911 Turbo is 312 km/h. Thirdly the Bugatti Veyron goes from 0-60 MPH in 2.5 seconds and the Porsche 911 Turbo goes from 0-60 MPH in 3.5 seconds. Fourthly the horse power;the Bugatti has 1001hp and the Porsche 911 Turbo has 500hp. Fifthly the torque;the Bugatti Veyron has a 922 lb-ft@2200rpm and the Porsche 911 Turbo has a 500 lb-ft@ 6000rpm. Finally the weight;the Bugatti Veyron weight is 4339 lb and the Porsche 911 Turbo is 3461lb.

Interest points of information:
• The Bugatti Veyron has an 8.0 litre W16 engine; it is equivalent to two narrow angle V8 engines.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugatti_Veyron

• The Porsche 911 Turbo has a 7-speed PDK with paddle shifters to choose between manual and automatic mode for ultra-fast gearshifts with no interruption in power delivery.

http://www.porsche.com/international/models/911/911-turbo/featuresandspecs/

Opinion:
I would like to conclude that both cars are considered two of the best sport cars in the world and if I had the chance to choose one as my favourite it would be really difficult, but if I had the money I would prefer to buy the Bugatti Veyron because it has a better performance than the Porsche 911 Turbo.

Total words: 367

Bibliography:
http://articles.directorym.com/Bugatti_Sedan_Norfolk_NE-r1126135-Norfolk_NE.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugatti_Veyron

http://www.porsche.com/international/models/911/911-turbo/featuresandspecs/

References:
http://www.porsche.com/microsite/911turbo/flash/default.aspx?language=en-us&market=PCNA&pool=usa&browser=other&instance=523&variant=§ion=&showintro=true&bandwidth=dsl&width=1280&height=800&deeplink=&specialguest=0&startWithLogin=false

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porsche_911

http://www.bugatti.com/en/veyron-16.4.html

Vocabulary: 20 Words

Afraid; adj: alarmed, frightened. I am afraid of the dark.
Broken; adj: that has been broken, a crush in spirit. He died from a broken heart.
Beautiful; adj: pleasing to the eye or ear or mind. This painting is very beautiful.
Million; adj: for plural usage. He won a million dirhams.
Machine; noun: an apparatus for applying mechanical power. We need to buy a new coffee machine.
Engineer; noun: a person skilled in some branch of engineering. My ambition in life is to become a successful engineer.
Faithfully; adverb: in a faithful manner, a formula for ending a business or formal letter. yours faithfully,
Government; noun: governing, the manner or system of this. They run a parliamentary form of government.
Harmony; noun: a combination of simultaneously sounded musical notes to form chords. The band plays the sound track in perfect harmony.
Knowledge; noun: knowing. I don’t have any knowledge of reading ancient symbols.
Kindergarten; noun: a school for very young children. I was very naughty when I was in kindergarten.
Intelligence; noun: mental ability the power of learning. His intelligence is more than the average child.
Manner; noun: the way a thing is done or happens. The way they handle the matter is in a good manner.
Money; noun: the current medium of exchange in the form of coins and banknotes. Money is not the most important thing in life.
Luxury; noun: choice or costly surroundings. We can buy luxury items here.
Literacy; noun: the ability to read and write. The school is advocating a week of literacy.
Media; noun: plural of medium. He works in the mass media.
Dramatically; adverb: sudden and exiting or unexpected overdone or absorb. The flower changes its color dramatically.
Describe; verb: to set forth in words. I would describe her as a generous person.
Enormous; adj: extraordinarily large. We need an enormous amount of money to start our business.

Magazine summary

Reiliy, Damian. "3D: a Gold Rush about to Happen." Arabian Business 17 Jan. 2010.

Bibliography

Kharma, Nayef, and Ali Hajjaj. Errors in English Among Arabic Speakers: Analysis and Remedy. Essex: Longman, 1989. 137-142.

(1) Who did the original research? Kharma, Nayef + Ali Hajjaj.
(2) What was the name of the book? Errors in English Among Arabic Speakers.
(3) Who was the publisher? Longman.
(4) What pages were used? 137 - 142.
(5) Where was the book published? Essex.
(6) When was the book published? 1989.

Magazine summary

The editorial is basically about the state of our movie-making industry here in the Gulf region and what the columnist thinks can help it grow. Despite the numerous film festivals being held around the Gulf region, it is a fact that the Gulf film making industry is still behind from the multi-million movie industry elsewhere in the world. The writer suggests that one way to boost the industry is to invite others, Hollywood in particular, to make a movie in the Gulf region and let them use our resources and manpower. It is now well within our reach with the construction of Studio City in Dubai. Furthermore, with the ongoing trend of 3-D filmmaking; the editor is proposing that the Gulf film making industry should capitalize on this. The Gulf region should attract the experts on 3-D filmmaking and lure them to make the Gulf as their home base. If this will happen, the gulf region will then attract Hollywood and other filmmaking industries to do business or collaborate with the Gulf filmmaking industries, which in turn will generate billions of dollars in income.

Word count 183